Unity Material Customization Cube Plane Sphere 2025

Creating and Changing Materials and Textures in Unity

Unity Material Customization Cube Plane Sphere 2025 – In this practical, you will create a simple scene in Unity that contains three basic 3D objects: a Cube, a Plane, and a Sphere. You will then apply separate materials and textures to each object, and finally, write a C# script to dynamically change the color and texture of each GameObject when a button is clicked.

Theory

In Unity, a material is what determines the appearance of a 3D object in terms of color, texture, and how light interacts with it (such as whether it’s shiny, matte, transparent, etc.). A texture is an image applied to the surface of a 3D model to give it more detail, such as wood, metal, or any other surface pattern.

Here’s the breakdown:

Cube: A 3D shape with six square faces.
Plane: A flat surface that is commonly used as a ground in 3D scenes.
Sphere: A round object.

In Unity, materials and textures can be applied to objects via the Renderer component, which controls how the object is displayed.

Unity Material Customization Cube Plane Sphere 2025

Requirements

Unity 3D: You need Unity installed on your computer. You can download it from Unity’s official site.
Visual Studio: You’ll need Visual Studio for writing and managing C# scripts. It integrates with Unity for writing scripts and debugging.
Basic Unity Knowledge: You should be familiar with the Unity interface and creating objects in the scene.

Steps to Create the Scene

Open Unity and Create a New Project
- Launch Unity and create a new 3D project.
Add the 3D Objects to the Scene
- Go to GameObject in the top menu, then select 3D Object. Add a Cube, Plane, and Sphere to your scene.
- You should now have these three objects visible in the Scene view.
Create Materials
- In Unity’s Assets folder, right-click and select Create > Material.
- Name the material for each object (e.g., CubeMaterial, PlaneMaterial, SphereMaterial).
- You can change the Color by selecting the material and changing the color in the Inspector window.
Apply Textures
- To apply a texture, first import an image into the project (e.g., a wood texture for the cube).
- Select the material you want to apply the texture to (CubeMaterial) and in the Inspector, find the Albedo field.
- Drag your texture onto the Albedo field.
Apply Materials to GameObjects
- Drag each material onto the corresponding GameObject in the scene.

C# Script for Dynamic Changes

Now, let’s create the C# script that will change the materials and colors of the objects when a button is clicked.

Create a New C# Script
- Right-click in the Assets folder and select Create > C# Script. Name the script ChangeMaterials.
- Double-click on the script to open it in Visual Studio.
Write the Code

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

public class ChangeMaterials : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Button changeButton; // Button to trigger material changes
    public Material cubeMaterial, planeMaterial, sphereMaterial;
    public Color cubeColor, planeColor, sphereColor;

    private Renderer cubeRenderer, planeRenderer, sphereRenderer;

    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        // Get the renderer components for each object
        cubeRenderer = GameObject.Find("Cube").GetComponent<Renderer>();
        planeRenderer = GameObject.Find("Plane").GetComponent<Renderer>();
        sphereRenderer = GameObject.Find("Sphere").GetComponent<Renderer>();

        // Assign the initial materials to the objects
        cubeRenderer.material = cubeMaterial;
        planeRenderer.material = planeMaterial;
        sphereRenderer.material = sphereMaterial;

        // Add a listener to the button
        changeButton.onClick.AddListener(ChangeObjectMaterials);
    }

    // Method to change the material and color
    void ChangeObjectMaterials()
    {
        // Change the material and color for the cube
        cubeRenderer.material = cubeMaterial;
        cubeRenderer.material.color = cubeColor;

        // Change the material and color for the plane
        planeRenderer.material = planeMaterial;
        planeRenderer.material.color = planeColor;

        // Change the material and color for the sphere
        sphereRenderer.material = sphereMaterial;
        sphereRenderer.material.color = sphereColor;
    }
}

Explanation of the Code

Public Variables
- Button changeButton: This is the button in the UI that will trigger the material change when clicked.
- Material cubeMaterial, planeMaterial, sphereMaterial: These represent the materials for the Cube, Plane, and Sphere.
- Color cubeColor, planeColor, sphereColor: These define the colors that will be applied to each object.
Private Variables
- Renderer cubeRenderer, planeRenderer, sphereRenderer: These are the renderers for each object that will allow you to access and change the material dynamically.
Start Method
- The Start() method is called when the scene starts. It finds the objects in the scene by their names (Cube, Plane, Sphere) and gets their Renderer components.
- It then assigns the initial materials to each object.
ChangeObjectMaterials Method
- This method is called when the button is clicked. It changes the material and color of each object to the specified materials and colors.

Unity Material Customization Cube Plane Sphere 2025

Setting Up the Scene

Create a Button in the UI
- Go to GameObject > UI > Button to create a button in your scene.
- Position the button in the scene where you want it.
Link the Script to the Scene
- Drag the ChangeMaterials script onto any empty GameObject in the scene (like an empty object called “Controller”).
- In the Inspector, drag the Button from the scene to the changeButton field of the script.
- Also, assign the materials and colors for the Cube, Plane, and Sphere in the Inspector.

Testing the Scene

Once everything is set up:

Press Play in Unity.
You should see the Cube, Plane, and Sphere with their initial materials and textures.
When you click the button, the colors and materials of the objects should change dynamically.